~~NOTOC~~ =====PROGRAMS  INDEX===== \\ Go to:  **[[Start|START]]**\\ ====PHP Astronomy and General Science Programs (v7.4.9 - v8.2.0) and Some Astronomical Tables==== **Computed by Jay Tanner** - Many of these programs are available with complete PHP source code.\\ Kontakt:\\ **Jay-T  ât  PHPScienceLabs • com** \\ ----- **FOCUS**:  Astronomy, Physics, Mathematics, General Science, Math and Science Programming in PHP.\\ Each program attempts to open in its own tab. To exit a program, simply close its tab.\\ **Many of the calculators are based on the //NASA / JPL DE405// ephemeris model, used for several years as the basis of the //Astronomical Almanac// published by the //US Naval Observatory.//  It is not entirely obsolete, as it gives reliable computations for several years past and into the future.\\ \\ The same can be said for the VSOP87 theory.  It is old, but not entirely obsolete and still has some practical applications and is still widely used today.**\\ **Some of the more recent calculators are based on the new //JPL Horizons API// and subject to its availability.  These programs are first-generation experiments, since I'm still learning how to apply the API functions remotely. It can be vexing sometimes.** ----- **[[https://www.phpsciencelabs.com/obliquity-of-the-ecliptic-calculator/|Obliquity of the Ecliptic and Latitudes of the Arctic and Antarctic Circles Calculator]]**\\ **[[https://www.phpsciencelabs.com/obliquity-of-the-ecliptic-laskar-paper/|Original Laskar Paper Used as the Basis of the Ecliptic Obliquity Calculator Above]]**\\ ----- =====Calendrical Date/Time Computations===== Various Calculators To Handle Calendar Date and Time-Related Computations.\\ \\ **[[https://www.phpsciencelabs.com/sidereal-time-calculator/|Sidereal Time Calculator For Any Date, Time and Longitude]]**\\ **[[https://www.phpsciencelabs.com/jd-number-table-for-any-month/|JD Number Table Calculator For Any Given Month on the Old Julian or Modern Gregorian Calendar]]**\\ **[[https://www.phpsciencelabs.com/jd-number-tables-for-any-year/|JD Number Tables Calculator For Any Given Year on the Old Julian or Modern Gregorian Calendar]]**\\ **[[https://www.phpsciencelabs.com/difference-between-dates-and-times/|Computes the Difference Between Two Dates and Optional Times]]**\\ **[[https://www.phpsciencelabs.com/inverse-julian-date-and-jd-number-calculator/|Inverse JD Calculator - Given any JD Number or Julian Date, Computes Corresponding Calendar Date/Time]]**\\ **[[https://www.phpsciencelabs.com/parallel-julian-and-gregorian-calendar-calculator/|Parallel Julian and Gregorian Calendar Calculator to Compare Dates on Both Calendars]]**\\ **[[https://www.phpsciencelabs.com/usa-holiday-calendar-calculator/|U.S.A. Holiday Calendar Calculator]]**\\ **[[https://www.phpsciencelabs.com/calendar-calculator-for-any-year/|General Calendar Calculator For Any Given Year]]**\\ \\ **[[https://www.phpsciencelabs.com/usa-daylight-saving-time-schedule-calculator/|U.S.A. Daylight Saving Time Schedule Calculator]]**\\ **[[https://www.phpsciencelabs.com/eu-summer-time-schedule-calculator/|E.U. Summer Time Schedule Calculator]]**\\ ----- =====The VSOP87 Theory and Source Code Generator===== This is the semi-analytical theory of planetary orbits for long-term computation of planetary heliocentric and barycentric coordinates which can be used for the computation of long-term planetary ephemerides.\\ \\ **[[https://www.phpsciencelabs.com/vsop87-about-the-vsop87-theory/|About the VSOP87 Theory]]**\\ **[[https://www.phpsciencelabs.com/vsop87-equations-summary-part-1/|VSOP87 - Equations Summary - Part 1 - Heliocentric Rectangular (X,Y,Z) Coordinates]]**\\ **[[https://www.phpsciencelabs.com/vsop87-equations-summary-part-2/|VSOP87 - Equations Summary - Part 2 - Heliocentric Spherical (L,B,R) Coordinates]]**\\ \\ **[[https://www.phpsciencelabs.com/vsop87-source-code-generator-tool/|Multi-Language VSOP87 Source Code Generator - Generates VSOP87 Source Code In Five Programming Languages]]**\\ **[[https://www.phpsciencelabs.com/vsop87-check-values/|VSOP87 - Check Values to Test If the Heliocentric VSOP87 Source Code Functions Are Returning the Correct Values]]**\\ **[[https://www.phpsciencelabs.com/vsop87-venus-ephemeris-demo-1/|VSOP87 Venus Ephemeris Demo 1]]**\\ **[[https://www.phpsciencelabs.com/vsop87-venus-ephemeris-demo-2/|VSOP87 Venus Ephemeris Demo 2]]**\\ **[[https://www.phpsciencelabs.com/vsop87-venus-ephemeris-demo-3/|VSOP87 Venus Ephemeris Demo 3]]**\\ **[[https://www.phpsciencelabs.com/vsop87-venus-ephemeris-demo-4/|VSOP87 Venus Ephemeris Demo 4]]**\\ **[[https://www.phpsciencelabs.com/vsop87-venus-ephemeris-demos-1-to-4-source-code/vsop87-venus-ephemeris-demos-1-to-4-source-code.zip|DOWNLOAD PHP Source Code For All VSOP87 Venus Ephemeris Demos 1 to 4 Above]]**\\ **[[https://www.phpsciencelabs.com/vsop87-venus-apparent-geocentric-ephemeris-demo-1/|VSOP87 Venus - Apparent Geocentric Ephemeris Interface Demo 1]]** - With PHP Source Code\\ **[[https://www.phpsciencelabs.com/vsop87-venus-apparent-geocentric-ephemeris-demo-2/|VSOP87 Venus - Apparent Geocentric Ephemeris Interface Demo 2]]** - With PHP Source Code\\ **[[https://www.phpsciencelabs.com/vsop87-mercury-geocentric-distance-table/|VSOP87 - Daily Table of Geocentric Distances For the Planet Mercury (2000 BC to 6000 AD)]]**\\ **[[https://www.phpsciencelabs.com/vsop87-venus-geocentric-distance-table/|VSOP87 - Daily Table of Geocentric Distances For the Planet Venus (2000 BC to 6000 AD)]]**\\ **[[https://www.phpsciencelabs.com/vsop87-earth-geocentric-distance-table/|VSOP87 - Daily Table of Geocentric Solar Distances For the Planet Earth (2000 BC to 6000 AD)]]**\\ **[[https://www.phpsciencelabs.com/vsop87-mars-geocentric-distance-table/|VSOP87 - Daily Table of Geocentric Distances For the Planet Mars (2000 BC to 6000 AD)]]**\\ ----- =====NASA/JPL DE405 Ephemeris Calculators===== Planetary and lunar ephemeris computations based on the NASA/JPL DE405 (Development Ephemeris Model Version 405) which spans the 600-year period from 1600 to 2200. It used to be the basis of the yearly astronomical almanacs. It will still have some practical uses for some time yet to come.\\ \\ **[[https://www.phpsciencelabs.com/de405-mercury-ephemeris-calculator /|DE405 - 600-Year Ephemeris Calculator For the Planet Mercury - 1600 to 2200]]**\\ **[[https://www.phpsciencelabs.com/de405-venus-ephemeris-calculator /|DE405 - 600-Year Ephemeris Calculator For the Planet Venus - 1600 to 2200]]**\\ **[[https://www.phpsciencelabs.com/de405-mars-ephemeris-calculator /|DE405 - 600-Year Ephemeris Calculator For the Planet Mars - 1600 to 2200]]**\\ **[[https://www.phpsciencelabs.com/de405-jupiter-ephemeris-calculator /|DE405 - 600-Year Ephemeris Calculator For the Planet Jupiter - 1600 to 2200]]**\\ **[[https://www.phpsciencelabs.com/de405-saturn-ephemeris-calculator /|DE405 - 600-Year Ephemeris Calculator For the Planet Saturn - 1600 to 2200]]**\\ **[[https://www.phpsciencelabs.com/de405-uranus-ephemeris-calculator /|DE405 - 600-Year Ephemeris Calculator For the Planet Uranus - 1600 to 2200]]**\\ **[[https://www.phpsciencelabs.com/de405-neptune-ephemeris-calculator /|DE405 - 600-Year Ephemeris Calculator For the Planet Neptune - 1600 to 2200]]**\\ **[[https://www.phpsciencelabs.com/de405-pluto-ephemeris-calculator /|DE405 - 600-Year Ephemeris Calculator For the Planet Pluto - 1600 to 2200]]**\\ \\ **[[https://www.phpsciencelabs.com/earth-solstices-and-equinoxes-calculator/|DE405 - Solstices and Equinoxes Calculator - Computes the Local Dates and Times the Seasons Begin]]**\\ \\ **[[https://www.phpsciencelabs.com/lunar-de405-ephemeris-calculator/|DE405 - 600-Year Lunar Ephemeris Calculator - 1600 to 2200]]**\\ \\ **[[https://www.phpsciencelabs.com/lunar-monthly-events-calculator/|DE405 - 600-Year Monthly Lunar Events Calculator - Computes Lunar Phases, Perigees and Apogees for Any Given Month/Year]]**\\ **[[https://www.phpsciencelabs.com/lunar-phase-calendar/|DE405 - 600-Year Monthly Calendar of Lunar Phases at 12-Hour Intervals For Any Year and Month]]**\\ \\ **[[https://www.phpsciencelabs.com/lunar-new-moons-table/|DE405 - 600-Year Table of New Moons For The Years 1600 to 2200]]**\\ **[[https://www.phpsciencelabs.com/lunar-first-quarter-moons-table/|DE405 - 600-Year Table of First Quarter Moons For The Years 1600 to 2200]]**\\ **[[https://www.phpsciencelabs.com/lunar-full-moons-table/|DE405 - 600-Year Table of Full Moons For The Years 1600 to 2200]]**\\ **[[https://www.phpsciencelabs.com/lunar-last-quarter-moons-table/|DE405 - 600-Year Table of Last Quarter Moons For The Years 1600 to 2200]]**\\ \\ **[[https://www.phpsciencelabs.com/lunar-solar-current-disk-size-comparison/|DE405 - Comparison of the Current Relative Sizes of the Sun and Moon]]**\\ ----- =====NASA/JPL Horizons API-Based Computations With Optional PHP Source Code===== **Planetary and Lunar Perigee/Apogee and Earth Perihelion/Aphelion Computations Based On The NASA/JPL Horizons API** \\ \\ We generally think of the moon when we refer to apogee and perigee, but apogee and perigee points can also be applied to the planets as well. The point of closest approach to Earth is the perigee point and the farthest distance is the apogee point of the body in its orbit. \\ Here, the definition of the perigee and apogee points refers to the points where the radial velocity of the body, relative to Earth, equates to 0 (zero), after which, the radial distance trend (numerical sign of sequential difference) reverses.  The points where the radial velocity equates to zero are at the minimum and maximum distance points from Earth.\\ \\ When the radial velocity changes sign from positive to negative, the body has reached an apogee point and when the radial velocity changes sign from negative to positive, the body has reached a perigee point.  By this definition, a body, such as the moon or the planet Mercury, can have more than two perigee/apogee events per calendar year. **[[https://www.phpsciencelabs.com/nasa-jpl-horizons-perigees-and-apogees-calculators/NASA-JPL-Horizons-Earth-Perihelion-Aphelion-Calculator.php|NASA/JPL Horizons API - Earth Perihelion and Aphelion Calculator - For the 9799-Year Span From 200 AD to 9998 AD]]**\\ **[[https://www.phpsciencelabs.com/nasa-jpl-horizons-perigees-and-apogees-calculators/NASA-JPL-Horizons-Lunar-Perigee-Apogee-Calculator.php|NASA/JPL Horizons API - Lunar Perigees and Apogees Calculator - For the 8999-Year Span From 1000 AD to 9998 AD]]**\\ \\ **[[https://www.phpsciencelabs.com/nasa-jpl-horizons-perigees-and-apogees-calculators/NASA-JPL-Horizons-Mercury-Perigee-Apogee-Calculator.php|NASA/JPL Horizons API - Mercury Perigee and Apogee Calculator - For the 9799-Year Span From 200 AD to 9998 AD]]**\\ **[[https://www.phpsciencelabs.com/nasa-jpl-horizons-perigees-and-apogees-calculators /NASA-JPL-Horizons-Venus-Perigee-Apogee-Calculator.php|NASA/JPL Horizons API - Venus Perigee and Apogee Calculator - For the 9799-Year Span From 200 AD to 9998 AD]]**\\ **[[https://www.phpsciencelabs.com/nasa-jpl-horizons-perigees-and-apogees-calculators /NASA-JPL-Horizons-Mars-Perigee-Apogee-Calculator.php|NASA/JPL Horizons API - Mars Perigee and Apogee Calculator - For the 899-Year Span From 1601 AD to 2499 AD]]**\\ **[[https://www.phpsciencelabs.com/nasa-jpl-horizons-perigees-and-apogees-calculators /NASA-JPL-Horizons-Jupiter-Perigee-Apogee-Calculator.php|NASA/JPL Horizons API - Jupiter Perigee and Apogee Calculator - For the 599-Year Span From 1601 AD to 2199 AD]]**\\ **[[https://www.phpsciencelabs.com/nasa-jpl-horizons-perigees-and-apogees-calculators /NASA-JPL-Horizons-Saturn-Perigee-Apogee-Calculator.php|NASA/JPL Horizons API - Saturn Perigee and Apogee Calculator - For the 499-Year Span From 1751 AD to 2249 AD]]**\\ **[[https://www.phpsciencelabs.com/nasa-jpl-horizons-perigees-and-apogees-calculators /NASA-JPL-Horizons-Uranus-Perigee-Apogee-Calculator.php|NASA/JPL Horizons API - Uranus Perigee and Apogee Calculator - For the 999-Year Span From 1600 AD to 2598 AD]]**\\ **[[https://www.phpsciencelabs.com/nasa-jpl-horizons-perigees-and-apogees-calculators /NASA-JPL-Horizons-Neptune-Perigee-Apogee-Calculator.php|NASA/JPL Horizons API - Neptune Perigee and Apogee Calculator - For the 299-Year Span From 1801 AD to 2099 AD]]**\\ **[[https://www.phpsciencelabs.com/nasa-jpl-horizons-perigees-and-apogees-calculators /NASA-JPL-Horizons-Pluto-Perigee-Apogee-Calculator.php|NASA/JPL Horizons API - Pluto Perigee and Apogee Calculator - For the 399-Year Span From 1700 AD to 2098 AD]]**\\ ----- ====Lunar Hemispheric Phase Explorer, Image Sets and Lunar Phase and Craters Reference Tables==== **[[https://www.phpsciencelabs.com/lunar-hemispheric-phase-explorers-hd/|Lunar Hemispheric Phase Explorers - HD Edition - A Virtual Space Telescope to View the Entire Moon From Four Hemispheres]]**\\ **[[https://www.phpsciencelabs.com/lunex-for-pov-ray/|LUNEX For POV-Ray - A Photo-Realistic Lunar Surface Ray Tracing Program For Use With POV-RAY 3D Rendering Software]]**\\ **[[https://www.phpsciencelabs.com/lunar-special-hemispheric-views/|Special HD Lunar Hemispheric Views Rendered by LUNEX]]**\\ **[[https://www.phpsciencelabs.com/lunar-craters-by-name-a-to-m/|Lunar Craters With Selenographic Coordinates Listed by Name:  A to M]]**\\ **[[https://www.phpsciencelabs.com/lunar-craters-by-name-n-to-z/|Lunar Craters With Selenographic Coordinates Listed by Name:  N to Z]]**\\ **[[https://www.phpsciencelabs.com/lunar-craters-by-diameter/|Lunar Craters With Selenographic Coordinates Listed by Size or Diameter]]**\\ **[[https://www.phpsciencelabs.com/lunar-phases-reference-table-at-1-degree-intervals/|Lunar Phase Images Reference Table at 1-Degree Intervals]]**\\ \\ **[[https://www.phpsciencelabs.com/lunar-phase-image-sets/|Complete Lunar Phase Image Sets in Six Sizes at 1-degree Intervals of Phase]]**\\ ----- =====U.S. Naval Observatory Asteroid Ephemeris Computations===== Apparent Asteroid Coordinates Based On The USNO AE98 (U.S. Naval Observatory Asteroid Ephemeris - 1998)\\ \\ **[[https://www.phpsciencelabs.com/usno-ae98-current-asteroid-ceres-ephemeris-calculator/|US Naval Observatory AE98 - Asteroid Ceres Ephemeris Statistics For the Current Date and Time]]**\\ **[[https://www.phpsciencelabs.com/usno-ae98-asteroid-ceres-ephemeris-calculator/|US Naval Observatory AE98 - Asteroid Ceres Ephemeris Calculator For the Years 1800 to 2099]]**\\ **[[https://www.phpsciencelabs.com/usno-ae98-current-asteroid-pallas-ephemeris-calculator/|US Naval Observatory AE98 - Asteroid Pallas Ephemeris Statistics For the Current Date and Time]]**\\ **[[https://www.phpsciencelabs.com/usno-ae98-asteroid-pallas-ephemeris-calculator/|US Naval Observatory AE98 - Asteroid Pallas Ephemeris Calculator For the Years 1800 to 2099]]**\\ **[[https://www.phpsciencelabs.com/usno-ae98-current-asteroid-juno-ephemeris-calculator/|US Naval Observatory AE98 - Asteroid Juno Ephemeris Statistics For the Current Date and Time]]**\\ **[[https://www.phpsciencelabs.com/usno-ae98-asteroid-juno-ephemeris-calculator/|US Naval Observatory AE98 - Asteroid Juno Ephemeris Calculator For the Years 1800 to 2099]]**\\ **[[https://www.phpsciencelabs.com/usno-ae98-current-asteroid-vesta-ephemeris-calculator/|US Naval Observatory AE98 - Asteroid Vesta Ephemeris Statistics For the Current Date and Time]]**\\ **[[https://www.phpsciencelabs.com/usno-ae98-asteroid-vesta-ephemeris-calculator/|US Naval Observatory AE98 - Asteroid Vesta Ephemeris Calculator For the Years 1800 to 2099]]**\\ ----- =====Stellar and Solar-Related Calculators===== Various Computations Related to the Stars and Sun\\ \\ **[[https://www.phpsciencelabs.com/distance-between-two-stars-or-planets-calculator/|Distance Between Two Stars or Planets in 3D Space Calculator]]**\\ \\ **[[https://www.phpsciencelabs.com/combined-stellar-magnitudes-calculator/|Combined Stellar Magnitudes Calculator - Combines Two Or More Stellar Magnitudes Into a Single Value]]**\\ **[[https://www.phpsciencelabs.com/stellar-magnitude-vs-distance-calculator/|Stellar Magnitude vs Distance Calculator - This Program Allows Us To Mathematically Move a Star To Any Distance]]**\\ **[[https://www.phpsciencelabs.com/stellar-magnitude-of-sun-calculator/|Stellar Magnitude of Sun Calculator - Computes How Bright The Sun Would Be at Any Given Distance]]**\\ **[[https://www.phpsciencelabs.com/starlight-times-past-and-future/|Starlight Times - Calculate What Year Light Left a Star and What Year Light From Our Sun Will Reach There.]]**\\ **[[https://www.phpsciencelabs.com/stellar-constellation-charts-iau/|IAU Stellar Constellation Charts of All 88 Constellations]]**\\ ----- =====Some Special Math and Metrics Tools===== **[[https://www.phpsciencelabs.com/relativistic-accelerated-linear-motion-type-1 /|Relativistic Accelerated Linear Motion Type-1]]**\\ **[[https://www.phpsciencelabs.com/metrics-length-equivalents-calculator/|Metric and Other Length Units Equivalents Calculator For 19 Different Units]]**\\ **[[https://www.phpsciencelabs.com/metrics-temperature-scale-equivalents-calculator/|Temperature Scale Equivalents Calculator For 8 Temperature Scales]]**\\ **[[https://www.phpsciencelabs.com/n-point-lagrangian-interpolation-tool/|N-Point Lagrangian Interpolation Tool Performs Linear and Non-Linear X vs Y Interpolation Within a 2-Column Data Table]]**\\ **[[https://www.phpsciencelabs.com/variance-and-standard-deviation-calculator/|Variance and Standard-Deviation Calculator For a Given Tabular Data Set]]**\\ \\ **[[https://www.phpsciencelabs.com/combinations-calculator/|Combinations Calculator - Computes Exact Number of Possible Unique Combinations = C(N, R)]]**\\ **[[https://www.phpsciencelabs.com/permutations-calculator/|Permutations Calculator - Computes Exact Number of Possible Unique Permutations = P(N, R)]]**\\ **[[https://www.phpsciencelabs.com/word-permutations-lister/|Word Permutations Listing For Up to 8 Unique Words or Items]]**\\ \\ **[[https://www.phpsciencelabs.com/integer-base-interconverter/|Integer Base Interconverter Converts Any Integer Given In One Base Into Its Equivalent In Another Base]]**\\ **[[https://www.phpsciencelabs.com/fractional-arithmetic-calculator/|Basic Integer Fraction Arithmetic Calculator]]**\\ **[[https://www.phpsciencelabs.com/sphere-properties-calculator/|Sphere - Properties Calculator - Given the Radius, Circumference, Area or Volume, Computes the Other 3 Properties]]**\\ **[[https://www.phpsciencelabs.com/sphere-angular-diameter-vs-distance-calculator/|Sphere - Angular Diameter vs Distance Calculator]]**\\ **[[https://www.phpsciencelabs.com/sphere-distance-to-horizon-calculator/|Sphere - Distance to Horizon Calculator]]**\\ **[[https://www.phpsciencelabs.com/sphere-visible-fraction-of-surface-calculator/|Sphere - Visible Fraction of Surface vs Distance Calculator]]**\\ \\ **[[https://www.phpsciencelabs.com/earth-gps-spheroid-3d-xyz-calculator/|GPS Spheroid 3D (X,Y,Z) Coordinates Calculator]]**\\ **[[https://www.phpsciencelabs.com/earth-geodetic-distance-calculator/|Geodetic Earth Surface Distance Between Points Calculator]]**\\ **[[https://www.phpsciencelabs.com/earth-historical-oblate-spheroid-parameters-calculator/|Historical Oblate Spheroid 3D (X,Y,Z) Parameters Calculator]]**\\ ----- =====Randomizing Tools===== Various Randomizing Tools and a Few Toys\\ \\ **[[https://www.phpsciencelabs.com/random-alpha-numeric-string-generator/|Random Alpha-Numeric String Generator Creates Randomized Alpha-Numeric Strings of Up to 10,000 Characters]]**\\ **[[https://www.phpsciencelabs.com/random-multi-base-digits-string-generator/|Random Multi-Base Digits String Generator Creates Randomized Strings of up to 10,000 Digits in Any Base]]**\\ **[[https://www.phpsciencelabs.com/random-text-string-generator/|Random Text String Generator Creates Strings of up to 10,000 Randomized Letters From A to Z]]**\\ **[[https://www.phpsciencelabs.com/random-cards-dealer/|Random Cards Dealer - Deals Any Number of Cards Without Replacement From a Standard Deck of 52 Playing Cards]]**\\ **[[https://www.phpsciencelabs.com/random-coins-flipper/|Random Coin Flipper - Randomly Flips From 1 to 5 Coins]]**\\ **[[https://www.phpsciencelabs.com/random-dice-roller/|Random Dice Roller - Randomly Rolls From 1 to 6 Standard Dice]]**\\ **[[https://www.phpsciencelabs.com/random-latinoid-text-generator/|Random Latinoid Text Generator - Generates Randomized Dummy Text Resembling Latin]]**\\ **[[https://www.phpsciencelabs.com/random-names-generator/|Random Names Generator Creates Lists of up to 1000 Randomized Male or Female Names]]**\\ **[[https://www.phpsciencelabs.com/randomize-or-shuffle-list-items/|Randomize or Shuffle a Given List of Items]]**\\ ----- ====MISCELLANEOUS==== Miscellaneous Things That May Prove Useful \\ \\ **[[https://www.phpsciencelabs.com/html-ascii-character-codes-table/|HTML Character and ASCII Codes Table For Programmers]]**\\ **[[https://www.phpsciencelabs.com/html-css-color-names-and-rgb-codes/|HTML, CSS Color Names, Composite and RGB Color Codes Reference Table and Related RGB Formulas For Programmers]]**\\ ----- **[[https://www.phpsciencelabs.com/xxxxxxxxxxxxxxxx/|xxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxx]]**\\